UDC

[81’367+81’22]:811.112.2

DOI

10.37482/2687-1505-V318

Authors

Olesya P. Kolesnikova
Cand. Sci. (Philol.), Senior Lecturer at the Department of Scientific and Technical Translation and Professional Communication, Don State Technical University (address: pl. Gagarina 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russian Federation).
e-mail: Ole-ole-olesija@yandex.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-1288

Abstract

The article investigates enantiosemy as a linguistic phenomenon. It is understood here as a complex, multidimensional object, which is both a phenomenon that reflects a certain essence and a general linguistic category. Along with studies into enantiosemy at the phonetic, morphological, lexical, phraseological and phraseosyntactic levels, publications on enantiosemy at the syntactic level are of particular interest, since this research area is at the initial stage of development. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to study enantiosemic syntactic constructions. As the material the author used German-language works of fiction. The paper considers several enantiosemic syntactic constructions in the form of complex sentences with adverbial clauses of comparison with conjunctions als ob and als (with als wäre, als hätte, als würde). These constructions are characterized by the use of a predicate in Konjunktiv II. The asymmetry of the form and content of the syntactic constructions is investigated. Considering that enantiosemy is based on opposition, context plays an important role in the actualization of the opposite meaning. The author found that when determining the enantiosemic nature of the constructions under study, context is not always required. In addition, it is noted that in most cases the selected syntactic constructions are asymmetrical. According to the results of the study, some of the proposed schemes, which can help to identify such constructions in the German language, can be introduced into scholarly discourse. The analysis of enantiosemic syntactic constructions contributes to further research into German syntax and can be of use when translating German texts.

Keywords

enantiosemy, syntactic construction, context, Konjunktiv II, comparative clauses, irreality, linguistic asymmetry

References

1. Melikyan V.Yu. The Negopositive Syntactic Constructions with Asymmetrical Opposite Meanings. Aktual’nye problemy filologii i pedagogicheskoy lingvistiki, 2017, no. 4, pp. 126–135 (in Russ.).
2. Kolesnikova O.P. Novyy aspekt nemetskikh enantiosemichnykh sintaksicheskikh konstruktsiy s als ob [A New Aspect of German Syntactic Constructions with als ob]. Gumanitarnye i sotsial’nye nauki, 2020, no. 6, pp. 172–179. https://doi.org/10.18522/2070-1403-2020-83-6-172-179
3. Ostrikova G.N. Funktsionirovanie enantiosemichnykh edinits v nemetskom i angliyskom yazykakh [Functioning of Enantiosemic Units in German and English]. Yazykovye i kul’turnye kontakty: lingvisticheskiy i lingvodidakticheskiy aspekty [Language and Cultural Contacts: Linguistic and Linguodidactic Aspects]. Saratov, 2022, pp. 121–128.
4. Tsoller V.N. Emotsional’no-otsenochnaya enantiosemiya frazeologizmov [Emotional-Evaluative Enantiosemy of Phraseological Units]. Filologicheskie nauki, 2000, no. 4, pp. 56–64.
5. Yatskovskaya G.V. Enantiosemiya v sovremennom nemetskom yazyke [Enantiosemy in Modern German: Diss.]. Moscow, 1976. 193 p.
6. Ostrikova G.N. Spetsifika funktsionirovaniya enantiosemichnykh ustoychivykh sintaksicheskikh struktur [Enantiosemic Fixed Syntactic Structures: Specifics of Functioning]. Voprosy kognitivnoy lingvistiki, 2017, no. 3, pp. 148–154. https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2017-3-148-154
7. Kolesnikova O.P. Enantiosemiya sintaksicheskikh konstruktsiy: na materiale nemetskogo yazyka [Enantiosemy of Syntactic Constructions: Based on the German Language: Diss.]. Rostov-on-Don, 2022. 205 p.
8. Melikyan V.Yu., Melikyan A.V. Predposylki, puti, sposoby i mekhanizm grammatikalizatsii sintaksicheskikh konstruktsiy [Syntactic Constructions: Sources, Paths, Means and Mechanism of Grammaticalization]. Voprosy kognitivnoy lingvistiki, 2023, no. 3, pp. 85–105. https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2023-3-85-105
9. Kolshanskiy G.V. Kontekstnaya semantika [Contextual Semantics]. Moscow, 1980. 149 p.
10. Serova T.S., Shraydman T.V. Kontekstnaya i situativnaya obuslovlennost’ funktsionirovaniya frazeologizmov v monologicheskom vyskazyvanii [Contextual and Situational Conditionality of Phraseology in Monologue Utterance Operation]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Rossiyskaya i zarubezhnaya filologiya, 2011, no. 4, pp. 66–72.
11. Shatskaya M.F. The Pragmatic Effect of Partial Enantiosemy in a Comic Context. Vestnik Severnogo (Arkticheskogo) federal’nogo universiteta. Ser.: Gumanitarnye i sotsial’nye nauki, 2021, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 59–68. https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-V132
12. Jung W. Grammatik der deutschen Sprache. Leipzig, 1980. 488 p.
13. Gomonova L.G. Glagol’naya enantiosemiya i ee otrazhenie v verbonominantakh i frazeologizmakh [Verbal Enantiosemy and Its Reflection in Verbal-Nominal Constructions and Phraseological Units]. Agleeva Z.R., Lapteva M.L., Vasil’eva Yu.A. (eds.). Vektory razvitiya rusistiki i lingvodidaktiki v kontekste sovremennogo filologicheskogo obrazovaniya [Vectors of Development of Russian Studies and Linguodidactics in the Context of Modern Philological Education]. Astrakhan, 2022, pp. 68–71.