UDC

Authors

Abstract

The paper studies syntactic features of the sign in the poetic text. In a natural language, combinability is information about the language system requirements to a word in a syntactical relation with another word. In a poetic text, syntagmatic relations are of a different character. Twentieth-century poetry presents all types of combinability: morphosyntactic, lexical, and semantic one. The author argues that in the poetic language new meaning can emerge at a higher level of abstraction when lexical units (any categorematic parts of speech) are combined in an unusual way. The most common types of such combinability in poetry are: verb+noun, adjective/participle+noun, and noun+noun. Non-standard verb+noun combinations are formed when an abstract noun functioning as a subject is combined with a verb of physical action, state, movement, behaviour, etc.; when a common noun is combined with a verb of mental action; when an abstract noun functioning as an adverbial modifier of manner is combined with a verb of motion (rarely – with verbs of other meanings). Specific convergence of lexemes can be random, i.e. be typical of a certain text, or regular – typical of the idiostyle of a certain poet or some literary school. Thus, unusual combinations display complex semantic processes, with new deep meanings of the poetic text forming as a result. Taking the poetic texts of M. Tsvetaeva, B. Akhmadulina, B. Pasternak, A. Voznesensky, Ye. Yevtushenko and N. Zabolotsky as an example, the author identifies the main and most common types of non-standard combinations of lexemes in the poetic text.

Keywords

References

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