UDC

94(470)+314.7+316.43

Authors

Marina M. Panikar
Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
prosp. Lomonosova 2, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: mpanikar@yandex.ru
Aleksandr E. Shaparov
Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
prosp. Lomonosova 2, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: teledvina@rambler.ru

Abstract

This article analyses factors affecting the population dynamics in the Far North, the political one, in our opinion, being the most important of them. Special attention is paid to the causes and consequences of migration in northern regions. The article studies key national and foreign models of state policy on northern regions development, which influence the population dynamics. The main governance approaches to the development of the Russian Arctic zone are described here through their effect on migration processes in the region. The authors of this paper applied methods of systems analysis, as well as historical, institutional, and comparative approaches. We studied Canadian, American and Norwegian experience in forming manpower and population in northern territories. In addition, we described the measures of state support of Canada and Norway for the northern population. Further, the application of the political ecology approach to the effectiveness analysis of state policy was substantiated. We argue in favour of state policy on resettlement, taking into account the geographical, climatic, and economic peculiarities of society in the Far North. Moreover, key factors, trends, causes and consequences of migration in the European North of Russia were determined. We believe that in order to reduce out-migration from the European North, the concept of Russian North development needs to be revised in view of the current situation. A conclusion is made that the introduction of the economic-technocratic approach as an imperative of state policy destroys the demographic and labour potential of Russian northern regions that has been systematically developed over many years. We also provide recommendations for improving Russia’s state policy on the Far North regions.

Keywords

Arctic zone, European North, High North, Canada's Far North, Alaska, northern provinces of Norway, political ecology

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