UDC

550.42

DOI

10.3897/issn2541-8416.2018.18.3.82

Authors

VV Kriauciunas¹, SA Iglovsky¹, IA Kuznetsova¹, EV Shakhova¹, AV Bazhenov¹, KA Mironenko¹

Abstract

The objective of the research is to identify the main patterns of spatial distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides (RN) in Naryan-Mar. Urban soils are formed by means of natural soil transformation with the participation of technogenic sedimentogenesis, which leads to disturbance of natural RN migration processes and contributes to the complex structure of natural and anthropogenic RNs contamination of tundra soils. The specific activity of anthropogenic (^134>Cs, ¹³⁷Cs) and natural (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K) RNs in Naryan-Mar soil was determined. The local low-intensity anomalies (LLIA) of anthropogenic RNs result from transboundary transfer; ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs are concentrated in soils with a well-shaped vegetable layer. ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th LLIAs are confined to regions with stone buildings. ⁴⁰K LLIAs are conditioned by high density of grassland vegetation involving ⁴⁰K in the biological cycle. The statistical manipulation of the acquired data involved correlation and factor analysis techniques. The statistical analysis demonstrated a moderate and salient correlation between the content of ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in the soils of the areas built up with wooden houses and the soils of the recreation area, respectively. There is a salient correlation between the content of ¹³⁴Cs and ⁴⁰K as well as between ¹³⁴Cs and 232Th in the soils of the recreation area. The area occupied by technological buildings demonstrates salient and high negative correlations between the content of 226Ra and radionuclides of ⁴⁰K and ²³⁴Th. The multidirectional nature of the ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th accumulation processes can be explained by their different mobility in the environment. A factor analysis of the specific activities of the radionuclides in the soils (based on the varimax method) revealed that the strongest factor (28%) conjointly regulates the ¹³⁴Cs and ⁴⁰K content, which testifies to their affiliation to non-mobile cationogenic elements. The second factor (25%) identified through an analysis of the overall data array may signify that organic matter plays a major role in the ¹³⁷Cs retention.

Keywords

urban soils, radioactivity, anthropogenic radionuclides ¹³⁴Cs, ¹³⁷Cs; natural radionuclides ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K, Bolshezemelskaya

References

1. Alekseenko VA, Belyuchenko IS, Alekseenko AB (2016) Agricultural landscapes of Kuban and ecological geochemistry: concepts, laws. KubGAU, Krasnodar, 380 pp. https://istina.msu.ru/publications/book/31081486/
2. Antrop M (2004) Landscape change and the urbanization process in Europe. Landscape and Urban Planning 67(1–4): 9–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00026-4
3. Aparin BF, Sukhacheva YU (2015) Classification of urban soils in the system of the Russian and international classification of soils. Bulletin of the Soil Institute 79: 53–72. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/klassifikatsiya-gorodskih-pochv-v-sisteme-rossiyskoy-i-mezhdunarodnoy-klassifikatsii-pochv
4. Bogoyavlensky VI, Bogoyavlensky IV, Boychuk VM, Perekalin SO, Kargin TN (2017) Catastrophe at the Kumzhinsky gas condensate field: causes, results, ways of eliminating consequences. Arctic: Ecology and Economics 1(25): 32–46. http://arctica-ac.ru/ docs/1(25)_2017_Arctic/032_046_ARCTICA%202017_1.pdf
5. Chaddock RE (1925) Principles and Methods of Statistics. Houghton Miffin Company, The Riverside Press, Cambridge, 248 pp.
6. Dymov AA, Kaverin DA, Gabov DN (2013) Properties of soils and soil-like bodies of the city of Vorkuta. Soil science 2: 240–248. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_18445864_88576638.pdf
7. Fedorets NG, Bakhmet ON, Medvedeva MV, Akhmetova GV, Novikov SG, Tkachenko UN, Solodovnikov AN (2015) Heavy metals in soils of Karelia: Forest Institute of KarRC RAS. KRC of the RAS, Petrozavodsk, 222 pp. http://elibrary.krc.karelia.ru/309/
8. Gablin VA, Paramonova TI, Verbova LF, Gabrielyan SV, Mitronova UN (2010) Composition of soils and issues of radiation rationing. Geology and Exploration 2010: 62–67. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_15503274_21056039.pdf
9. Guagliardi I, Rovella N, Apollara C, Bloise A, DeRosa R, Scarciglia F, Buttafuoco G (2016) Effects of source rocks, soil features and climate on natural gamma radioactivity in the Crati valley (Calabria, Southern Italy). Chemosphere 150: 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.011
10. Kiselev GP, Bazhenov AV, Zykov SB, Kriauciunas VV, Kiseleva IM, Lastovsky AM (2006) On radioactivity of the environment of the Arkhangelsk industrial region. Ecology of Human 2: 3–6. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_9127397_42598855.pdf
11. Korobova EM, Ukraintseva NG, Brown J, Standring W (2009) Radionuclide distribution in the Lower Yenisey and Pechora Reaches: Landscape geochemical signatures and patterns of global and regional contamination. In: Gallo MN, Ferrari MH (Eds) River Pollution Research Progress. Nova Science Publishers, New York, 91–156.
12. Korobova EM, Ukraintseva NG, Surkov VV, Dombrovskaya EA (2011) Landscape-geochemical indicators of pollution of ecosystems in deltas of northern rivers. Cryosphere of the Earth 15(4): 25–29. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_17097580_72649209.pdf
13. Kriauciunas BB, Shakhova EB (2013) The main regularities of migration of 232Th and 226Ra in the soils of the city of Arkhangelsk. Ecology of Human 8: 23–27. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_20211243_43377511.pdf
14. Kriauciunas VV (2008) Natural and technogenic radioactivity of soils of the Arkhangelsk industrial agglomeration: the author's abstract. dis. Cand. geol.-min. sciences, M., 24 pp. https://library.ru/item.asp?id=15929157
15. Kriauciunas VV, Iglovsky SA, Shakhova EV, Lubas AA, Kuznetsova IA (2016) Low-intensity radioactive anomalies in the city of Arkhangelsk. Ecology of Human 5: 9–16. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_25988181_82807443.pdf
16. Kriauciunas VV, Kiselev GP, Bazhenov AV (2008) Distribution of 137CS, 40K, 226RA, 232TH in the upper soil horizons of the city of Arkhangelsk. Materials of the Fifth Congress of the All-Russian Society of Soil Scientists, 50 pp. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32677842
17. Kriauciunas VV, Shakhova EV (2016) Radiological studies in the city of Arkhangelsk. Radioactivity and radioactive elements in the human environment: mater. V Intern. Conf., Tomsk, 360–363. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_28135663_95555703.pdf
18. Latkin AY, Maskov MI (2007) Results of a geoecological survey of foci of contamination with oil products by Naryan-Mar. Arctic Environmental Research 1: 13–21. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_11702279_50888039.pdf
19. Lehmann A (2006) Technosols and other proposals on urban soils for the WRB (World Reference Base for Soil Resources). International Agrophysics 2006: 129–134.
20. Maskov MI, Latkin AY (2012) Results of a comprehensive geoecological survey of the solid household waste landfill in the city of Naryan-Mar (Nenets Autonomous District). Engineering survey 10: 70–76. https://library.ru/item.asp?id=18355277
21. Nguelem EJM, Ndontchueng MM, Motapon O, Guembou CJS, Darko EO (2017) Radiological monitoring and statistical approach of primordial and anthropogenic radionuclides in the surface soil of the Mami-watersite in the Western Cameroon. Environmental Earth Sciences 76: 612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6951-8
22. Nikonova AN (2015) Transformation of floodplain ecosystems of the Pechora Delta in the zone of influence of the Kumzhinsky gas condensate field (Nenets Autonomous District). Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series Geographical 5: 117–129. https://library.ru/download/elibrary_24318756_63438546.pdf
23. Popova LF, Nakvasina EN (2014) Normalisation of urban soil quality and organisation of soil-chemical monitoring: SAFU. 108. http://narfu.ru/university/library/books/1083.pdf
24. Prokofieva TV, Gerasimova MI, Bezugova OS, Bakhmatova CA, Golieva AA, Gorbov SN, Zharikova EA, Matiyan NN, Nakvasina EN, Sivtseva NE (2014) Introduction of soils and soil-like formations of urban areas in the classification of soils in Russia. Genesis and Geography of Soils 10: 1155–1164. https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_22020115_95092904.pdf
25. Ravisankar R, Sivakumar S, Chandrasekaran A, Ravikumar SM, Jebakumar JPP, Vijayagopal P, Vijayalakshmi I, Jose MT (2014) Measurement of natural radioactivity and evaluation of radiation hazards in coastal sediments of the east coast of Tamilnadu using a statistical approach. Journal of Taibah University for Science 8(4): 375–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2014.03.004