UDC

631.416

Authors

Konovalova Ol’ga Nikolaevna
Institute of Natural Sciences and Тechnologies, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: olga-repnicyna@rambler.ru
Popova Lyudmila Fedorovna
Institute of Natural Sciences and Тechnologies, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: ludap9857@mail.ru, lf.popova@agtu.ru
Shpynova Alina Anan’evna
Institute of Natural Sciences and Тechnologies, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: ashynova@mail.ru

Abstract

The processes of adsorption and transformation are among the most important processes controlling the migration ability of heavy metals (HM). Their study allows us to evaluate the ecological state of soil and to develop measures to reduce the effects of pollution. The article analyzes the results of the study of copper adsorption processes by the urban soils, accompanied by the transformation of the active forms of HM. The paper presents the result of the HM absorption by soils of natural, residential and industrial landscapes of the city of Arkhangelsk in the form of various chemical compounds by means of the adsorption isotherm. The copper adsorption system “soil – solution” of natural soils reaches the equilibrium faster than urban soils. Copper absorption rate in the period of 0–90 min is 5–100 times higher than the following 90–390 min of the soil and solution interaction. A decrease in the balanced concentration of copper cations in a solution is observed. A reduction in the acidity of the solutions at the HM adsorption by the soils is revealed: the soils of the residential landscape are characterized by a gradual decrease in pH, the soils of the natural and industrial landscapes – by a decrease in pH in several stages. In soils of natural and residential landscapes as a result of adsorption there is an increase of the content of loosely-bonded copper compounds due to the content growth of the active HM complex compounds with an organic matter. In soils of the industrial landscape, in contrast, there is an increase of tightly bound HM compounds by reducing the content of exchangeable forms, looselybonded specifically sorbed forms of copper. The copper adsorption proceeds by a cation exchange mechanism and it is described by a linear adsorption isotherm. The high dependency factor of adsorptive capacity of solids on the concentration of the metal in the solution is established. The research of the interrelationship of adsorption processes and transformation as an example of copper allows us to study in detail the arrangements for consolidating of heavy metals in the soil.

Keywords

urban soil, replantozem, urban landscape, heavy metals pollution, active forms of heavy metals, copper adsorption, Langmuir isotherm

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