UDC

574.58(28)

Authors

Novoselov Aleksandr Pavlovich
Northern Branch of Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography Uritskiy str., 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation; Arkhangelsk Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Sadovaya str., 3, Arkhangelsk, 163018, Russian Federation;
e-mail: novoselov@pinro.ru
Studenov Igor’ Ivanovich
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography Akademik Knipovich str., 6, Murmansk, 183038, Russian Federation; Arkhangelsk Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Uritskiy str., 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: studenov@pinro.ru
Lukin Anatoliy Aleksandrovich
State Research Institute of Lake and River Fisheries Naberezhnaya Makarova, 26, St. Petersburg, 199053, Russian Federation;
e-mail: alukin@inbox.ru

Abstract

As a result of impact of natural and anthropogenic factors in the Northern Dvina River ecosystem some serai changes have occurred both at the population and organismic levels of the organization. They appeared in the form of cross-border movements of fish migration, reduction the number and resources of commercial species, deterioration of the epizootic situation in a reservoir, and abnormalities in the organismic level (serious irreversible violations of morpho-functional organization of organs and tissues). Currently, new species of fish appeared in the basin of the river of interest: pike perch, whiteeye and asp. Their natural habitat includes the Caspian and Baltic Seas. Prolonged exposure of a wide range of anthropogenic factors has led to a decrease in the overall level of production processes in the river ecosystem, causing the population-level changes in the structure of commercial catches, and especially of the valuable fish species of the salmon and whitefish complex (Atlantic salmon, whitefish, white salmon). Along with the deterioration of the salmon and whitefish populations, there are changes in the structure of the fishing community in the Severodvinsk basin. Over the past half-century in fact there was a change of dominated in catches salmon and whitefish complex to carp fish. At the organismic level many fish violations (necrotic processes, neoplasia) are classified as irreversible when the restoration of the structure and functions is impossible. However, parallely developing hypertrophy, hyperplasia, encapsulation are the structural and functional basis of compensatory-adaptive reactions. These reactions allow the body to move to a new performance level, and provide an opportunity to survive in a toxic environment.

Keywords

state of fish resources, serai fish fauna changes, population and organismic levels of organization, the European North of Russia

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