UDC

631.4

Authors

Migunova Elena Sergeevna
Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G.M. Vysotskiy (Kharkiv, Ukraine)
e-mail: migunova-e-s@yandex.ru

Abstract

The paper describes the scientific contribution of N.M. Sibirtsev, his development of the Russian soil evaluation method (1886), selection of all major genetic (a Sibirtsev term) types and subtypes of soils, creating the soil classification in the coordinates of genetic soils types and their petrographic groups (1895) and the first soil map of the European Russia built on genetic principles (1898). The main scientific Sibirtsev’s heritage is the justification of the law of horizontal soil zonality, highlighting the regional, intra- and azonal soils, and the first fundamental guide “Soil science” (1900–1901). In the introduction the author proves the expediency of integration of V.V. Dokuchaev’s doctrine of soil as a special natural object, evaluated according to the morphological profile structure, and the old doctrine of soil as the habitat of plants, characterized by its composition (mechanical and petrographic). The paper demonstrates the history of the formation of the genetic classification of soils and the role of N.M. Sibirtsev in its development. We present the development of Sibirtsev’s ideas in the P.A. Kostychev’s and A.A. Kryudener’s works. The Sibirtsev's genetic classification of soils became the classification of soils according to their fertility, and then the forest ecosystem classification, that was a prototype of the edaphic grid, the theoretical basis of forestry production in Ukraine. The paper makes a point of central importance of fertility in determining of soils, their ability to provide the growth of plants, which is the greatest function (mission) of soils.

Keywords

soil science, N.M. Sibirtsev, fertility, soil classification

References

1. Sibirtsev N.M. Khimicheskiy sostav rastitel’no-nazemnykh pochv Nizhegorodskoy gubernii i ikh poglotitel’naya sposobnost’ [The Chemical Composition of Vegetable and Land Soils of Nizhny Novgorod Province and their Absorption Capacity]. Moscow, 1953, pp. 120–251.
   
2. Liverovskiy Yu.A. Obshchie voprosy geografii, klassifikatsii i genezisa pochv [Common Questions of Geography, Soil Genesis and Classification]. Pochvenno-geograficheskie i landshaftno-geokhimicheskie issledovaniya [Soil- Geographical and Landscape-Geochemical Studies]. Moscow, 1964.
   
3. Dokuchaev V.V., Sibirtsev N.M. Vvedenie [Introduction]. Trudy ekspeditsii Ministerstva zemledeliya i gos. imushchestv [Proceedings of the Expedition of the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property]. Moscow, 1953, pp. 428–455.
   
4. Matseevich K. N.M. Sibirtsev kak professor [N.M. Sibirtsev as a Professor]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1900, no. 4, pp. 268–273.
   
5. Sibirtsev N.M. Ob osnovaniyakh geneticheskoy klassifikatsii pochv [On the Basis of Genetic Soil Classification]. Moscow, 1953, pp. 271–293.
   
6. Zakharov S.A. Kurs pochvovedeniya [Soil Science Course]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1931. 550 p.
   
7. Sibirtsev N.M. Pochvovedenie [Soil Science]. Moscow, 1951, pp. 19–472.
   
8. Dokuchaev V.V. Estestvenno-istoricheskaya klassifikatsiya russkikh pochv. Materialy k otsenke pochv Nizhegorodskoy gubernii [Natural-Historical Classification of Russian Soils. Materials for the Soils Assessment of Nizhniy Novgorod Province]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1950, pp. 332–340.
   
9. Ototskiy P.V. Ocherk razvitiya geograficheskikh idey v pochvovedenii [Outline of Geographical Ideas in Soil Science]. Estestvoznanie i geografiya, 1908, no.6, pp. 1–13.
   
10. Kostychev P.A. Pochvovedenie [Soil Science]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1940. 224 p.
    
11. Kryudener A.A. Osnovy klassifikatsii tipov nasazhdeniy i ikh narodnokhozyay-stvennoe znachenie v obikhode strany [Fundamentals of Classifying Types of Plants and their Economic Importance in Everyday Life of the Country]. P. I–II. Petrograd, 1916–1917. 318 p.
    
12. Pogrebnyak P.S. Osnovi tipologіchnoї klasifіkatsії ta metodika skladati ї ї [Fundamentals of Typological Classification and the Method of Assembly]. Ser. nauk. vid. VNDILGA, 1931, iss. 10, pp. 3–16.
    
13. Pogrebnyak P.S. Osnovy lesnoy tipologii [Fundamentals of Forest Typology]. Kiev, 1955. 456 p.
    
14. Glinka K.D. Pochvovedenie [Soil Science]. Moscow, 1935. 632 p.
    
15. Gennadiev A.P., Gerasimova M.I. O nekotorykh tendentsiyakh v sovremennykh klassifikatsiyakh pochv SShA [On Some Trends in Modern US Soil Classification]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1980, no. 9, pp. 3–12.
    
16. Yarilov A.A. Nasledstvo V.V. Dokuchaeva [Legacy of V.V. Dokutchaev]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1939, no.3, pp. 7–19.
    
17. Migunova E.S. Lesa i lesnye zemli (kolichestvennaya otsenka vzaimosvyazey) [Forests and Forest Lands (Quantitative Assessment of Interconnection)]. Moscow, 1993. 364 p.
    
18. Migunova E.S. Tipy lesa i tipy prirody. Ekologicheskie vzaimosvyazi [Forest Types and Types of Nature. Ecological Interconnections]. Academic Publishing, 2014. 295 p.
    
19. Dokuchaev V.V. O pochvovedenii (Lektsii, prochitannye v Poltave v 1900 g.) [About the Soil Science (Lectures, Read in Poltava in 1900)]. Sochineniya [Works]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1953, vol. VII, pp. 257–296.
    
20. Dokuchaev V.V. K voprosu ob otkrytii pri russkikh universitetakh kafedr pochvovedeniya i ucheniya o mikroorganizmakh [On the Question of the Departments of Soil Science and Doctrine of Microorganisms in the Russian Universities]. Zapiski Novo-Aleksandriyskogo instituta sel’skogo khozyaystva i lesovodstva [Notes of Novo-Alexandria Institute of Agriculture and Forestry], 1895, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 217–259.