UDC

631.416

Authors

Konovalova Olga Nikolaevna
Institute of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: olga-repnicyna@rambler.ru
Popova Lyudmila Fedorovna
Institute of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: ludap9857@mail.ru, lf.popova@agtu.ru

Abstract

Technogenic activity contributes significantly to the disruption of the ecological balance of urban landscapes. Environmental problems, caused by human economic activity, are complex. In large part they are due to the inclusion of migration flows of all basic chains of anthropogenic toxicants, including heavy metals (HM). At pollution by HM soils are biogeochemical barrier that absorbs finely dispersed substances and gases coming from the atmosphere, simultaneously cleaning the other adjoining environment. Among the most important processes controlling the migration capacity of heavy metals in soil-plant system, are the processes of adsorption and transformation. Their study allows to evaluate the ecological state of soil covering and to develop measures to reduce the effects of pollution. The article presents the results of a study of adsorption of zinc in terms of the soils of the “replantozem” type of different landscapes of Arkhangelsk. It is established that the system “soil-solution” of the urban soils equilibrates faster than the soils of the natural landscape. We found out the peculiarities of a pollutant fixation in the soil before and after the adsorption process by determining the proportion of each form obtained with the use of selective extracts of the total of moving forms isolated using a combined scheme of fractionation, which is based on an analysis of data of their paralleled and sequential extraction. In the process of adsorption a decrease in the metal mobility as a result of durable fixation by the soil organic matter and compounds of Fe, Mn, Al (typical for a natural soil and replantozem of an industrial landscape), silicate compounds (typical for replantozem of a settlement landscape) is observed. Research of the interconnexion of adsorption and transformation in terms of zinc allows to study in details the fastening mechanisms of heavy metals in the soil.

Keywords

urban soils, urban landscapes, heavy metals pollution, moving forms transformation of heavy metals, adsorption kinetics of zinc

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