UDC

[553.97:53:551.438.222](470.1/.2)

Authors

Parfenova Larisa Nikolaevna
Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: solombalka@yandex.ru
Bogolitsyn Konstantin Grigoryevich
Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: biopolimer@iepn.ru
Selyanina Svetlana Borisovna
Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: smssb@yandex.ru
Trufanova Marina Vitalyevna
Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: mtrufanova@yandex.ru
Orlov Aleksandr Sergeevich
Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: alseror@yandex.ru
Maltseva Elizaveta Vladimirovna
Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Tomsk, Russia)
e-mail: maltseva2@gmail.com
Sokolova Tamara Vladimirovna
Institute for Nature Management, National Academy of Sciences (Minsk, Belarus)
e-mail: navosha@tut.by

Abstract

The study of wetland ecosystems of the European North of Russia is relevant due to the high bogginess of this territory, as well as the important functions of wetlands in nature and human activities. Arkhangelsk region takes the second place in the Northern economic zone by quantity of peat deposits and the volume of peat resources, being behind to the Vologda region only. The peat samples have been selected in the course of the field works carrying out on the Ilas bog area, located in the Primorsky district of the Arkhangelsk region, where the only experimental plot of bog hydrometeostation in Russia «Brusovitsa» of the Northern Hydrometeoservice department is situated; as well as on the bog of the national Park Kenozersky (KNP), located in the South-West of the Arkhangelsk region. Characteristic of element and component composition of peat of various types, selected at the territories of the Arkhangelsk region with different climatic conditions and unaffected by direct human impact are presented. Our studies allow us to conclude that the hydrological conditions of peat accumulation influence on the process of humification of plant tissues and climatic factors influence on the formation of peat bitumen. The content of trace elements in the samples does not depend on the type of peat. The structural organization of the polymer matrix of peat at different levels of dimensional hierarchy (macro-, micro- and nanoscale) was studied by the methods of light microscopy, AF-microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The conformation of separate macromolecules and aggregated particles of supramolecular nature in the solutions of peat humates was established. By the method of dynamic light scattering it was shown that size of the macromolecules is of 3-10 nm. The size of aggregated agents grows up to 50-100 nm and asymmetry of aggregates is observed. In the study of dynamic of interaction processes between the samples of native peat of different types and water we established that the maximum degree of peat swelling can be used as a structuresensitive parameter depending on a peat type.

Keywords

component composition of peat, elemental composition of peat, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM), wetlands of the European North of Russia

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