UDC

622.882(470.11)

Authors

Nakvasina Elena Nikolaevna
Forestry Engineering Institute, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
е-mail: e.nakvasina@narfu.ru
Zemtsovskaya Olga Nikolaevna
Forestry Engineering Institute, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
е-mail: zemcovskayaolga@gmail.com
Denisova Anastasia Ivanovna
Institute of Oil and Gas, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
е-mail: a.i.denisova@narfu.ru

Abstract

The results of researches of the biological reclamation of lands disturbed by diamond mining are presented. The paper describes the experience of using of mineral-organic substrates on the basis of peat and kimberlite tailings of the deposit named after M.V. Lomonosov as a soil fertile layer. We used four variants of grasses: meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds), red fescue (F. rubra L), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The best variants for plant growth in the amount of agrophysical and agrochemical indicators are the variants with the content of the peat by volume from 30 to 10 % or 10–20 % by weight of dry peat. In these embodiments, the bulk density (1,03 g/cm3) and porosity (62,53 %) of the substrate are close to the optimum for plant growth. In autumn the height of the aerial part and the root length, an average mass, the number of generative shoots of 25 two-year plants of each species was measured. The best indicators of the surface coating were marked on the substrates with the content of 40–70 % of peat with a projective cover of grasses of 73–93 %. The worst indicators are on the control plot with pure peat (7–35 %). In the embodiments with mill tailing characterized by alkaline medium the projective cover of grass is 38–64 %, what indicates their high ecological adaptability to the reaction of a medium substrate. Grasses are developed best in a weakly alkaline and alkaline environment that is created by the addition of 30 ... 70 % saponitse kimberlite tailings to peat. These grasses can form the basis of swards for the restoration of disturbed lands of JSC «Severalmaz».

Keywords

biological recultivation, grasses, peat substrate, mill tailings

References

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