UDC

550.8

Authors

Oleg D. Kononov*, Aleksey I. Popov*
*Arkhangelsk Research Institute of Agriculture (Lugovoy, Arkhangelsk region, Russian Federation)

Abstract

The article discusses the possibility of remote monitoring of reclaimed lands using satellite images by the example of drill sites in Bolshezemelskaya Tundra of the Nenets Autonomous District. The seasonal dynamics of vegetation on reclaimed areas can be monitored at a certain period of the growing season by the index NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). We can also identify technologically disturbed lands and estimate their area. The data of simultaneous ground surveys of disturbed lands confirm the correctness of conclusions obtained on the basis of the satellite images interpretation. Active overgrowing of drill sites occurs on the second or third year after planting. Projective cover in irriguous areas reaches 60 %; the species of local flora start to introduce, the traces of animals and birds are noticed. During the first year of herbs life on disturbed lands the gramineous community is formed from planted grasses, which reaches the phase of tillering and heading stage. In the second year of life the grasses continue to grow; the species of local flora appear. The motley-grass-moss phytocoenosis is formed. In the wet parts of the sites the primary moss cover is formed mainly of hair-cap mosses. In the third year of life a slight decrease in the proportion of sown herbaceous plants is observed. The formed motley-grass-moss community is near natural phytocenoses. The projective cover is 60–75 %, somewhere it reaches 95 %. On the basis of decoding of multispectral satellite images, we establish the possibility of their efficient use to evaluate the overgrowth of reclaimed areas. This is particularly relevant for the conditions of the Nenets Autonomous District, where due to the remoteness and lack of roads we have no possibility to monitor systematically the development of vegetation on disturbed lands and assess the effectiveness of measures for their remediation.

Keywords

reclamation of disturbed tundra lands, monitoring of overgrowing of exploration sites, normalized vegetation index

References

1. rchegova I.B., Degteva S.V., Evdokimova T.V., Kuznetsova E.G. Kontseptsiya prirodovosstanovleniya narushennykh ekosistem Severa [Concept for Environmental Remediation of Disturbed Ecosystems of the North]. Respublika Komi: Ekonomicheskaya strategiya vkhozhdeniya v XXI vek: materialy nauch. konf. (Syktyvkar, 13–14 marta 1995 g.) [Republic of Komi: the Economic Strategy of Entering the 21st Century: Proc. Sci. Conf. (Syktyvkar, March 13–14, 1995)]. Syktyvkar, 1996, pp. 135–139.
   
2. Kapel’kina L.P., Popov A.I. Otsenka sostoyaniya i rekul’tivatsiya narushennykh zemel’ na neftepromyslakh Severa Rossii [Evaluation of the Condition and Recultivation of Damaged Lands on the Territory of Oil-Extracting Enterprises in the North of Russia]. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Izvestia of Orenburg State Agrarian University], 2012, no. 5(37), pp. 211–214.
   
3. Rouse J.W., Haas R.H., Schell J.A., Deering D.W. Monitoring Vegetation Systems in the Great Plains with ERTS. Proc. 3d Earth Resources Technology Satellite-1 Symp. USA, Washington, D.C., 1974, vol. 1, pp. 301–317.
   
4. Kriegler F.J., Malila W.A., Nalepka R.F., Richardson W. Preprocessing Transformations and Their Effects on Multispectral Recognition. Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment. Vol. II. Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, October 13–16, 1969. USA, Michigan, 1969, pp. 97–131.
   
5. Cherepanov A.S. Vegetatsionnye indeksy [Vegetation Indexes]. Geomatika [Geomatics], 2011, no. 2, pp. 98–102.
   
6. Cherepanov A.S., Druzhinina E.G. Spektral’nye svoystva rastitel’nosti i vegetatsionnye indeksy [Spectral Characteristics of Vegetation and Vegetation Indexes]. Geomatika [Geomatics], 2009, no. 3, pp. 28–32.
   
7. Gopp N.V., Smirnov V.V. Ispol’zovanie vegetatsionnogo indeksa (NDVI) dlya otsenki zapasov nadzemnoy fitomassy tundrovykh soobshchestv rasteniy [Use of the Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Estimation the Above-Ground Biomass in Tundra Plant Communities]. Interekspo Geo-Sibir’ [Interexpo Geo-Siberia], 2009, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 187–191.
   
8. Sweet S.K., Asmus A., Rich M.E., Wingfield J., Gough L., Boelman N.T. NDVI as a Predictor of Canopy Arthropod Biomass in the Alaskan Arctic Tundra. Ecological Applications, 2015, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 779–790.
   
9. Lavrinenko I.A. Dinamika rastitel’nogo pokrova ostrova Vaygach pod vliyaniem klimaticheskikh izmeneniy [Vegetation Dynamics of the Vaigach Island Under Climate Change Impact]. Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz Kosmosa [Current Problems in Remote Sensing of the Earth from Space], 2011, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 183–189.